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Toxicant & Disease Database

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Toxicant and Disease Database

The CHE Toxicant and Disease Database is a searchable database that summarizes links between chemical contaminants and approximately 180 human diseases or conditions. Diseases and or toxicants can be viewed by utilizing the search options below. See a full description of the database and our methodology.

See also our compilation of other Databases and Resources

For questions or comments about the database, please contact us through our Contact form.

Select one of the following

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Select a Disease

Select a Toxicant

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solvents

Diseases linked to this toxicant Grouped by strength of evidence

Strong Evidence Acute hepatocellular injury (hepatitis)s Acute tubular necrosis Contact dermatitis - irritant Olfactory alterations (hyposmia, anosmia, dysomias) Steatosis (fatty liver)	Good Evidence Acute tubular necrosis ADD/ADHD, hyperactivity Aplastic anemia Arrhythmias Autoimmune antibodies (positive ANA, anti-DNA, RF, etc.) Bladder cancer Brain cancer - childhood Breast cancer Bronchitis - chronic Cardiac congenital malformations Cervical cancer Cirrhosis Cognitive impairment (includes impaired learning, impaired memory, and decreased attention span) / mental retardation / developmental delay Color vision disturbance Colorectal cancer Congenital malformations - general Cranio-facial malformations Decreased coordination / dysequilibrium Esophageal cancer Fetal alcohol syndrome / fetal solvent syndrome Fetotoxicity (miscarriage / spontaneous abortion, stillbirth) Glomerulonephritis Hearing loss Low birth weight / small for gestational age / intra-uterine growth retardation Lung cancer Lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's) Menstrual disorders (abnormal bleeding, short cycles, long cycles, irregular cycles, painful periods) Myelodysplastic syndrome (pre-leukemia) Neurosthenia (organic affective syndrome) Pancreatic cancer Porphyria (toxic) Pre-eclampsia (pregnancy-induced hypertension) Prostate cancer Reduced fertility - female (infertility and subfertility) Scleroderma Stomach cancer Undifferentiated connective tissue disease	Limited Evidence Abnormal sperm (morphology, motility, and sperm count) Acute tubular necrosis ALS (Lou Gehrig's disease) Alzheimer's Brain cancer - adult Breast cancer Carcinoid Cardiomyopathy Chronic fatigue syndrome Chronic renal disease Genito-urinary malformations (includes male and female) Hepatocellular cancer (liver cancer) Hodgkin's disease (lymphoma) Immune suppression Multiple chemical sensitivity Multiple myeloma Multiple sclerosis Multiple sclerosis Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) Nephrotic syndrome Neural tube defects / CNS malformations Oral clefts (cleft lip and palate) Ovarian cancer Pancreatic cancer Peripheral neuropathy Reduced fertility - male (infertility and subfertility) Renal (kidney) cancer Rheumatoid arthritis Seizures Stomach cancer Thrombocytopenic purpura Vasculitis

NOTE: The toxicant–disease relationships shown above were last updated in 2011. The relationships shown here are still valid, but additional research has been conducted since that time. Additional research on this toxicant can be found at this link:

COMPARATIVE TOXICOGENOMICS DATABASE: CURATED RESULTS

This link will direct your search to an external database, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). This database is different from, and complementary to, our database.

More information about sources and methods

CHE’s Toxicant and Disease Database evaluates existing evidence and categorizes that evidence based on its strength. It is constructed using expert judgment and epidemiological causal inference.
The CTD, in contrast, is a continually updated resource that presents information on a broad range of literature on chemical-disease relationships. It also provides data on genes, biological processes, and phenotypes related to chemicals and diseases. It does not categorize information based on strength of evidence, include an expert judgment process, or draw causal conclusions about toxicant-disease relationships.
The link we have provided on this page goes directly to CTD's curated results, which are a subset of the information available through CTD. Curated results in CTD are those for which studies are available on the toxicant-disease relationship.

References for our 2011 disease list

Aschengrau A, Rogers S, Ozonoff D. Perchloroethylene-contaminated drinking water and the risk of breast cancer: additional results from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2003 Feb;111(2):167-73.

Brautbar N. Industrial solvents and kidney disease. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health. 2004 Jan-Mar;10(1):79-83.

Buzio L, Tondel M, De Palma G, Buzio C, Franchini I, Mutti A, Axelson O. Occupational risk factors for renal cell cancer: an Italian case-control study. Medicina del Lavoro. 2002 Jul-Aug; 93(4):303-9.

Caress S, Steinemann A. A review of a two-phase population study of multiple chemical sensitivities. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2003; 111(12):1490-1497.

Carpenter DO, Arcaro K, Spink DC. Understanding the human health effects of chemical mixtures. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2002;110(suppl 1):25-42.

Colt JS, Blair A. Parental occupational exposures and risk of childhood cancer. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1998;106(Suppl 3):909-925.

Cooper GS, Miller FW, Germolec DR. Occupational exposures and autoimmune diseases. International Immunopharmacology. 2002;2:303-313.

D'Cruz D. Autoimmune diseases associated with drugs, chemicals and environmental factors. Toxicology Letters. 2000 Mar 15;112-113:421-32.

Eskenazi B, Bracken MB, Holford TR, Grady J. Exposure to organic solvents and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 1988; 14(2):177-88.

Figà-Talamanca I, Traina ME, Urbani E. Occupational exposures to metals, solvents, and pesticides: recent evidence on male reproductive effects and biological markers. Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England). 2001 May;51(3):174-88.

Freed DM, Kandel E. Long-term exposure and the diagnosis of dementia. NeuroToxicology. 1988 Fall;9(3):391-400.

Hardell L, Lindström G, van Bavel B, Fredrikson M, Liljegren G. Some aspects of the etiology of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1998 Apr;106(Suppl 2):679-681.

Hay A, Singer CRJ. Wood preservatives, solvents, and thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet. 1991 Sep 21;338(8769):766.

Hruska KS, Furth PA, Seifer DB, Sharara FI, Flaws JA. Environmental factors in infertility. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2000 Dec;43(4):821-9.

Kaerlev L, Teglbjaerg PS et al. Occupational risk factors for small bowel carcinoid tumor: a European population-based case-control study. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2002 Jun;44(6):516-22.

Kauppinen T, Partanen T, Degerth R, Ojajärvi A. Pancreatic cancer and occupational exposures. Epidemiology. 1995 Sep;6(5):498-502.

Khattak S, K-Moghtader G, McMartin K, Barrera M, Kennedy D, Koren G. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to organic solvents: a prospective controlled study. Journal of the American Medical Association. 1999 Mar 24-31;281(12):1106-9.

Klaassen CD, Ed. Casarett and Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 6th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill 2001.

Kukull WA, Larson EB et al. Solvent exposure as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: a case-control study. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1995 Jun 1;141(11):1059-71; discussion 1072-9.

LaDou J, Ed. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 3rd Edition. New York: Lange Medical/McGraw-Hill Company, 2004.

Landrigan PJ, Garg A. Chronic effects of toxic environmental exposures on children's health. Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology. 2002;40(4):449-56.

Landtblom AM, Flodin U, Söderfeldt B, Wolfson C, Axelson O. Organic solvents and multiple sclerosis: a synthesis of current evidence. Epidemiology 1996;7(4):429-33.

Lane SE, Watts RA, Bentham G, Innes NJ, Scott DG. Are environmental factors important in primary systemic vasculitis? A case-control study. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2003 Mar;48(3):814-23.

Leikin JB, Davis A et al. Selected topics related to occupational exposures. Part IV. Occupational liver disease. Disease-a-Month. 2000 Apr;46(4):296-310.

Leikin JB, Davis A, Klodd DA, Thunder T, Kelafant GA, Paquette DL, Rothe MJ, Rubin R. Selected topics related to occupational exposures. Part V. Occupational cardiovascular disease. Disease-a-Month. 2000 Apr;46(4):311-322.

Loffredo CA. Epidemiology of cardiovascular malformations: prevalence and risk factors. American Journal of Medical Genetics. 2000 Winter;97(4):319-25.

Maves MD. Epidemiologic studies of environmental agents and systemic autoimmune diseases. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1999 Oct;107 Suppl 5:743-8.

Rom WM. Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 3rd Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, 1998.

Dig Deeper

Human environmental disease network: a computational model to assess toxicology of contaminants

About This Database

See a description of database methods, definitions and limitations.

Information in this database was originally drawn from these texts:

Klaassen CD, Ed. Casarett and Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 6th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001.
LaDou J. Ed. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 3rd Edition. New York: Lange Medical/McGraw-Hill Company, 2004.
Rom WM. Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 3rd Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, 1998.

Further references are or will be posted with the displays of individual toxicants.